Zaɓen tsarin da ya dace, kusurwar daidai da dangantakar D/d yana tantance ƙarfin da ya aminci – alal misali, igiyar wayar karfe 5/8‑inch 6×19 EIPS tana da ƙimar kusan tan 7.6 a tsaye, amma kawai kusan tan 3.8 a ƙunshi 60°.
Karatu na minti 2 – abin da za ka samu
- ✓ Yi amfani da ƙididdigar kusurwar OSHA/ASME don ƙididdige ƙarfin igiyar choker daidai.
- ✓ Yi amfani da jerin duba sauri don gano lanƙwasa, wayoyin da suka karye da tsatsa.
- ✓ Kare ƙarfin ta hanyar daidaita dangantakar D/d ≥ 25:1 da sarkar, silinda ko kaya.
- ✓ Nuna tsarin da ƙwayar da ya dace tare da jagororin iRopes OEM/ODM.
Kayan aiki da tsarin suna da mahimmanci wajen tantance karfin igiyar choker. Igiyoyin fiber na iya kasancewa a haɗin polypropylene‑polyester, nylon‑polyester ko polyester‑polyester kuma a samar da su a matsayin guda‑ɗaya ko biyu‑ɗaya. Don igiyoyin igiyar karfe, tsarin (misali, 6×19, 6×37) da ƙimar (kamar EIPS) su ne ke ƙayyade ƙima. A ƙasa, za mu bayyana muhimman abubuwa, nuna lissafi, kuma mu taimaka maka zaɓar girman da ya dace don kowane ɗaga.
Karfin Igiyar Choker
Lokacin da ka ji kalmar iyakar nauyin aiki (WLL), ka yi tunanin mafi girman nauyin da igiya za ta iya ɗauka da aminci. A ɗaga kai tsaye, WLL da aka buga a alamar shine ƙimar tsaye. Da zarar ka lankwasa igiyar zuwa choker, ƙarfin da ake amfani da shi yana raguwa saboda igiyar yanzu tana ɗaukar juriya da kuma ɓangaren gefe. Wannan bambanci tsakanin amfani tsaye da choker shine ginshikin kowane shirin ɗaga lafiya.
“Karfin choker ba zai taɓa kasancewa mafi girma fiye da ƙimar tsaye ba; kusurwa kawai ke ƙayyade yadda yakamata a rage shi. Watsi da wannan raguwar hanya ce kai tsaye zuwa ɗaukar nauyi mai haɗari.” – Mark J., Certified Rigger
OSHA da ASME sun ƙayyade ainihin yadda ya kamata a rage karfin choker. Ka'idar gaba ɗaya ita ce kashi ɗaya bisa ɗari bisa ga kusurwar tsakanin ƙafafun:
- 120° – 0.75 na ƙimar tsaye
- 90° – 0.65 na ƙimar tsaye
- 60° – 0.50 na ƙimar tsaye
Duk ma'aunin ASME B30.9 na rigging da OSHA 1910.184 suna buƙatar aƙalla 5 : 1 dangantakar aminci, wanda ke nufin ƙarfin ƙarshe na igiyar dole ne ya zama aƙalla sau biyar na nauyin da ake nufi. A aikace, kana sanya alamar igiyar tare da ƙididdigar karfin igiyar choker bayan amfani da raguwar kusurwa da duk wani gyara na dangantakar D/d. Wannan hanyar kulawa tana tabbatar da cewa ɗaga yana cikin iyakokin da aka ƙera.
Yanzu, watakila kana tambaya: Menene ƙarfin choker igiyar waya 5/8”? Don igiyar waya 5/8” 6×19 EIPS ta al'ada, WLL na tsaye yana kusan tan 7.6. Amfani da ƙimar 0.75 don choker na 120° yana ba da kusan tan 5.7 (≈ 12,600 lb). Ka tuna, wannan adadi yana ɗauka aƙalla dangantakar D/d 25:1; ƙaurin lankwasawa zai rage ƙarfin daga ƙima.
Tare da ƙa'idodin aminci a hannu, mataki na gaba shi ne bincika yadda tsarin igiya da diamita ke tsara ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi na asali, yana jagorantar ka zuwa mafita ta musamman da ta dace.
Riggning Choker na Karfe
Bayan samun ƙwarewar tushe na karfin igiyar choker, mataki na gaba mai ma'ana shine duba kayan aikin da ke mayar da igiya zuwa kayan ɗaga amintacce. Riggning choker na karfe yana zuwa a cikin wasu tsare-tsaren da aka tabbatar, kowanne ya dace da nau'in aiki – daga ceto mai ƙarfi a waje zuwa sarrafa kaya na teku da aka tsara da ƙwarewa.
Nau'ukan Choker
Choker karfe guda‑ɗaya shine madauki mai tsayawa wanda ke ba da ƙarfi, aiki mai tabbatacce don ɗaga gaba ɗaya kamar canjin crane‑zuwa‑motar. Nau'in sliding‑hook yana da idon da za a iya motsawa, ya dace da riƙe kaya masu siffa baƙaƙe ko aikace-aikace inda ake buƙatar daidaita igiyar a kan hanya. A ƙarshe, igiyar Flemish‑eye tana amfani da haɗin Flemish da aka kulle da ferrule kuma tana haɗawa da thimble da shackle ko hook, tana ba da wurin haɗi mai ƙarfi don gini mai nauyi ko aiki a teku.
Zaɓin ƙwayar da kayan yana shafar ɗorewa da sarrafa. Don igiyoyin igiyar karfe, zaɓi ƙwayar igiya mai zaman kanta (IWRC) don mafi girman zafin jiki da juriya ga karyewa, ko ƙwayar fiber don ƙarin sassauci. Don igiyar rigging na fiber, haɗin da aka fi amfani da su sun haɗa da polypropylene‑polyester, nylon‑polyester da polyester‑polyester a tsarin guda‑ɗaya ko biyu‑ɗaya; haɗin da ka zaɓa yana tasiri kan lankwasawa, juriya ga tsatsa da kuma aikin sinadarai/UV.
Lokacin da ka cire choker karfe daga akwati, saurin duba gani na iya zama bambanci tsakanin ɗaga lafiya da haɗarin tsada. Amsar masana'antu ga “Ta yaya ake duba choker karfe?” tana rarraba zuwa matakai huɗu masu sauƙi:
- Nemo wayoyin da suka karye ko tsatsa da ake gani a ƙwayoyin igiyar.
- Duba idon ko hook don kuraje, fashewa ko sassan da suka lankwasa.
- Tabbatar da cewa D/d mafi ƙaranci a alamar ya dace da ainihin diamita na hook, silinda ko kaya.
- Tabbatar alamar tana nuna ranar duba ta yanzu da ƙimar iyakar nauyin aiki daidai.
Wannan maki suna haɗuwa da tunanin aminci‑na‑farko da aka ɗauka a baya. Da zarar choker ya wuce dubawa, za ka iya daidaita tsarin sa da zaɓin kayan daidai da bayanin nauyi, ka tabbata cewa rigging choker karfe zai yi aiki da ƙididdiga a ƙarƙashin juriya.
Da aka ƙarfafa halayen dubawa, jagorar za ta mayar da hankali kan yadda tsarin igiya da diamita ke tsara ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi na asali, tana buɗe ƙofa don zurfafa bincike kan girman da ƙarfin igiyar wayar.
Girman Igiyar Wayar da Karfin Ta
Ta hanyar gina a kan tunanin dubawa, mu bincika yadda tsarin igiya da diamita ke ƙayyade lambobin da kake gani a alama. Lokacin da ka san wane tsarin ƙwaya kake riƙe da girman igiyar, za ka iya tantance nan da nan ko za ta cika nauyin da kake shirin ɗaga.
Tsarin da aka fi gani da za ka haɗu da su su ne aji 6×19, 6×37 da 6×36. Igiyar aji 6×19 tana da ƙwayoyi shida da kusan wayoyi 19 a kowane ƙwaya; tana ba da fifiko ga juriya ga tsatsa da ƙarfi mai girma don rigging na gaba ɗaya. Aji 6×37 yana amfani da ƙarin wayoyi masu siriri, wanda ke haɓaka sassauci da aikin gajiya na lankwasa a kusa da ƙananan silinda. Aji 6×36 yana tsakiyar waɗannan, yana ba da daidaitaccen haɗin ƙarfi‑sassauci don yanayin filin da ya bambanta.
Don cikakken bayani, duba jagorarmu kan ƙayyadaddun igiyar wayar karfe.
6×19
Rigar ƙwaya shida da ~19 wayoyi a kowane ƙwaya; tana ba da daidaitaccen haɗin juriya ga tsatsa da ƙarfi, da ya dace da ɗaga na gaba ɗaya.
6×37
Karin wayoyi masu siriri suna ba da ƙarin sassauci da ingantaccen rayuwar gajiya na lankwasa, suna dacewa da lankwasa masu ƙauri da nauyi masu motsi.
3/8‑1 in
Ƙimar tsaye yawanci tana tsakanin tan 2.8 (3/8") zuwa tan 20 (1") don igiyoyin EIPS, IWRC; duba jadawalin masana'anta don cikakken adadi.
Choker factor
Ninka ƙimar tsaye da aka buga da 0.75–0.80 don choker na al'ada; ƙarfin ainihi ya dogara da kusurwa da dangantakar D/d.
Saboda ƙimar ainihin choker yawanci 75–80 % na ƙimar tsaye, diamita da ka zaɓa yana da tasiri kai tsaye kan yawan abin da za ka iya ɗaga idan igiyar ta makale a kan kaya. Alal misali, igiyar 5/8” 6×19 tana ɗaukar kusan tan 7.6 a tsaye; a choker na 120° wannan ya ragu zuwa kusan tan 5.7. Maimaita lankwasa yana rage dangantakar D/d, kuma kowanne mataki ƙasa da dangantakar da aka ba da shawara 25:1 zai rage kaso mai ma'ana daga ƙarfin da aka lissafa.
Riƙe dangantakar D/d aƙalla 25:1; ƙaurin lankwasa na iya rage ƙarfin da aka ambata har zuwa kashi 30 %.
Da ke da cikakken hoto na nau'ikan tsari, zaɓin diamita da ƙa'idar choker 75–80 %, za ka iya daidaita igiyar da ta dace da aikin ba tare da hasashe ba. Idan aikin ya buƙaci girma mara ƙa'ida ko ƙwayar musamman, iRopes na iya tsara igiyar wayar da ta dace da ainihin girman da ƙarfin igiyar da kake buƙata, tare da tabbacin ingancin ISO 9001 da cikakken goyon bayan OEM/ODM.
Shirye don mafita ta musamman na rigging?
Ka koyi cewa ƙarfin igiyar choker yana raguwa da kusurwa, cewa ana amfani da dangantakar aminci 5:1, kuma cewa duba daidai na rigging choker karfe yana kare kowane ɗaga. Fahimtar nau'ikan tsari kamar 6×19 da 6×37, da alaƙa tsakanin diamita da girman da ƙarfin igiyar wayar, yana ba ka damar zaɓar igiyar da ta dace cikin sauri. Don igiyoyin rigging na fiber, zaɓin haɗin da ya dace—polypropylene‑polyester, nylon‑polyester ko polyester‑polyester—da zaɓin tsakanin guda‑ɗaya ko biyu‑ɗaya yana ƙara daidaita lankwasawa da ɗorewa ga aikinka.
Don samun shawarwari na musamman ko igiyar da ta keɓance wadda ta cika cikakken ƙayyadaddun buƙatunku, cika fom ɗin da ke sama. Masu ƙwarewar iRopes za su ƙirƙiri mafita da takardar shaida ISO‑9001 tare da kariyar IP, alamar al'ada da isarwa a kan lokaci zuwa wurin ku a ko'ina duniya.
